Integral in LaTeX

The LaTeX command for integral (∫) is \int (integral).

\int

Calculus & Analysis · Unicode ∫ (U+222B) · no package needed

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Which command should you use?

Command	Package	Use it when
`\int_a^b f(x)\,dx` recommended	none	Definite integral; \, adds a thin space before dx.
`\int\limits_a^b f(x)\,dx`	none	Limits above and below the sign.
`\iint_D f\,dA`	`amsmath`	Double integral, correctly spaced (\iiint for triple).
`\oint_C \mathbf{F} \cdot d\mathbf{r}`	none	Contour integral.
`\int f(x)\,\mathrm{d}x`	none	Upright d, as ISO style asks.

Table 1. Ways to write integral in LaTeX. Every line was compiled with pdfLaTeX (TeX Live 2026) loading only the package shown.

Common mistake. Without \, the dx runs into the integrand, and \int\int leaves a gap between the signs: use \iint from amsmath.

How to type Integral

Write \int inside math mode, that is between $…$ for inline math or in a \[ … \] or equation block for display math. It is part of core LaTeX math, so no extra package is required.

Example

$\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{-x^2}\,dx = \sqrt{\pi}$

\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{-x^2}\,dx = \sqrt{\pi}

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Related Calculus & Analysis symbols

\sqrt[n]{x}\frac{a}{b}\dfrac{a}{b}\ldots\cdots\vdots\ddots\iint\iiint\iiiint\oint\sum\prod\coprod

Calculus and analysis symbols in LaTeX: the full table or search all 350+ LaTeX symbols.

FAQ

How do you write integral (∫) in LaTeX?

Use \int in math mode; it needs no extra package. For example, $\int_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{-x^2}\,dx = \sqrt{\pi}$.

Which package provides \int?

None: \int is built into LaTeX, so no extra package is required.

What is the most common mistake with integral in LaTeX?

Without \, the dx runs into the integrand, and \int\int leaves a gap between the signs: use \iint from amsmath.